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Metformin (0.5 M), IACS-010759 (10 nM) and oligomycin (10 nM) were added and plates were incubated for two weeks

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It is believed, however, that inhibition of MAO-A is necessary for antidepressant effects.24,25 The mechanism of available therapies for MDD is based on the principle of increasing synaptic availability of serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or dopaminethe monoamine neurotransmitters.26,27 The MAOIs inhibit the MAO enzyme, thereby allowing serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine to accumulate in the synapse.27,28 The MAO-A isoenzyme metabolizes serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, while MAO-B primarily metabolizes dopamine

For patients exhibiting low hormone sensitivity but significant OS damage, the focus should shift toward antioxidant therapy while appropriately adjusting the intensity and modality of hormone intervention