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The core mechanism of osteoporosis (imbalance of bone metabolism) Osteoporosis is essentially a negative balance between bone formation and bone resorption, resulting in continuous loss of bone mass, destruction of bone microstructure, increased bone fragility, and increased risk of fractures

Here are some common misconceptions I hear from patients and how I address them

The amino acid building blocks used in SPPS are themselves expensive: Fmoc-protected amino acids suitable for pharmaceutical manufacturing cost $50-500 per gram depending on the specific residue

The shared molecular binding of the brains vitamin B 12 carrier protein, known as transcobalamin 2 or TCN2, with the FDA-approved MS drug fingolimod provides a mechanistic link between B 12 signaling and MS, towards reducing neuroinflammation and possibly neurodegeneration said Chun